//this file sets up the glossary terms and definitions. //Instructions //To add a new glossary term //1. choose a unique variable name for the new term. DO NOT use upper case letters. DO separate words with underscores. For example, 'dialogic learning' is represented by dialogic_learning //2. scroll to the correct place in the alphabetical list (it is up to you to put the term in the right place, there is no automatic sorting). //3. add an array item for the term comprising the glosterm array element on the left-hand side and the term you want to display on the right. E.g. // glosterm.distance_education = "distance education" //4. add an array item for the term comprising the glosdef array element on the left-hand side and the definition on the right. E.g. // glosdef.distance_education = "Education in which the learner is separated from the teacher." //5. All items in this list are available for 'pop-up' glossary definitions. //6. If you also want the item to appear in the glossary list, add the term to the appropriate termstodisplay array (there is one for each letter). E.g. // termstodisplayd = new Array ("discourse", "distance_education", "dual_mode") //end of instructions glosterm = new Array() glosdef = new Array() //AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA termstodisplaya = new Array ("accreditation", "affective", "andragogy", "asymmetric_interaction", "asynchronous") glosterm.accreditation = "accreditation" glosdef.accreditation = "Official recognition." glosterm.affective = "affective" glosdef.affective = "In psychology, to do with attitudes, feelings etc." glosterm.andragogy = "andragogy" glosdef.andragogy = "The art and science of helping adults to learn. Compare: pedagogy." glosterm.asymmetric_interaction = "asymmetric interaction" glosdef.asymmetric_interaction = "An interaction in which one person's 'voice' is dominent. Compare: Symmetric interaction" glosterm.asynchronous = "asynchronous" glosdef.asynchronous = "A computer communication in which the communicants don't have to be on-line at the same time. For example, e-mail or a discussion group." //BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB termstodisplayb = new Array ("bacon_francis", "behavioural_theory") glosterm.bacon_francis = "Bacon, Francis" glosdef.bacon_francis = "Philosopher (1561-1626) who advocated the inductive scientific method. (Deduces general laws from particular instances)" glosterm.behavioural_theory = "behavioural theory" glosdef.behavioural_theory = "Philosophy: an approach to the study of human behaviour, which includes only observable human behaviour. It ignores intentions, feelings etc." //CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC termstodisplayc = new Array ("cbt", "cct", "change_management", "cmc", "cms", "cognition", "cognitive_theory", "competence", "conceptualisation", "conditioning", "constructivism", "cots", "CPD_portfolio", "critical_reflection", "cscl") glosterm.cbt = "cbt" glosdef.cbt = "Computer-Based Training. CBT has come to be used to describe standalone learning packages, normally self-paced and separate from other types of learning activity. They can be used as part of an eLearning programme. " glosterm.change_management = "change management" glosdef.change_management = "Managing a change in an organisation to ensure that business benefits are maximized." glosterm.cct = "cct" glosdef.cct = "Content Capture Tool. For example a tool that allows capture of screens and interactions when preparing source materials for e-learning." glosterm.cmc = "cmc" glosdef.cmc = "Computer Mediated Communication systems allow groups to interact over a computer system. This allows the use of discussion groups etc. in eLearning." glosterm.cmc = "cms" glosdef.cmc = "Course Management System." glosterm.cognition = "cognition" glosdef.cognition = "The process of acquiring knowledge through thought and experience." glosterm.cognitive_theory = "cognitive theory" glosdef.cognitive_theory = "As we become aware of objects and situations we place them in a 'mental map' which then affects our perceptions of new objects and situations." glosterm.competence = "competence" glosdef.competence = "Competent performance of a specified task to the standards required in employment. Compare: objective." glosterm.conceptualisation = "conceptualisation" glosdef.conceptualisation = "Make a concept or idea out of something. " glosterm.conditioning = "conditioning" glosdef.conditioning = "Training someone to behave in a certain way, by having them repeat the desired action." glosterm.constructivism = "constructivism" glosdef.constructivism = "An educational theory in which the learner is regarded as actively engaged in constructing meaning and understanding from experience, which may include the learning process. Compare: instructionism." glosterm.CPD_portfolio = "CPD Portfolio" glosdef.CPD_portfolio = "A collection of materials that records and reflects work done by an individual and provides an evidence to back up their professional learning and career development." glosterm.cots = "COTS" glosdef.cots = "Commercial Off-The-Shelf." glosterm.critical_reflection = "critical reflection" glosdef.critical_reflection = "Critical reflection comprises examining careful examination of decisions and their underlying assumptions. This enables educators to 'step back' and think how they might improve the service they offer. " glosterm.cscl = "CSCL" glosdef.cscl = "Computer Support for Collaborative Learning" //DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD termstodisplayd = new Array ("deep_approach", "dialogic_learning", "didactic_conversation", "discourse", "discursive", "distance_education", "domain", "dual_mode") glosterm.deep_approach = "deep approach" glosdef.deep_approach = "An approach to learning in which the student focuses on the deeper meaning of the learning material, relates new ideas to existing knowledge and restructures it in personal terms. Compare: Surface Approach" glosterm.dialogic_learning = "dialogic learning" glosdef.dialogic_learning = "End points are not always clear cut - learning aims to explore different views on the subject allowing professional to decide for themselves which is the best solution for a particular situation. " glosterm.didactic_conversation = "didactic conversation" glosdef.didactic_conversation = "A method of teaching that prompts the learner into some sort of discussion of the material. This discussion could be literal as with on-line discussion groups or an internalised conversation guided by the learning material. " glosterm.discourse = "discourse" glosdef.discourse = "All the communication about a topic. E.g. in the H804 course this might comprise:" glosterm.discursive = "discursive" glosdef.discursive = "Moving from subject to subject." glosterm.distance_education = "distance education" glosdef.distance_education = "Education in which the learner is separated from the teacher." glosterm.domain = "domain" glosdef.domain = "An educational environment sufficiently different to others to require a different educational theory to explain how it works and how to use it." glosterm.dual_mode = "dual mode" glosdef.dual_mode = "Describes instituations that specialise in either distance or face-to-face education. " //EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE termstodisplaye = new Array ("elearning", "emancipatory_education", "empiricism", "epistemology", "eportfolio", "epss", "ethnography", "evaluation", "experiential_learning") glosterm.elearning = "e-Learning" glosdef.elearning = "e-Learning is the systematic use of networked and multimedia computer technologies to empower learners, improve learning, connect learners to people and resources supportive of their needs, and to integrate learning with performance and individuals with organisational goals. Goodyear (2000)." glosterm.emancipatory_education = "emancipatory education" glosdef.emancipatory_education = "An educational orientation that describes education as the transmission and acquisition of an understanding of the economic, social and political forces in society, and the cultures, institutions and practices that act to oppress or restrict people. " glosterm.empiricism = "empiricism" glosdef.empiricism = "Philosphical theory that all knowledge is derived from experience or observation." glosterm.epistemology = "epistemology" glosdef.epistemology = "Theory of knowledge. Investigation of the difference between justified belief and opinion." glosterm.eportfolio = "e-Portfolio" glosdef.eportfolio = "An e-Portfolio is a collection of digital items: ideas, evidence, reflections, feedback etc. that records and reflects evidence of a person's learning and career development." glosterm.epss = "EPSS" glosdef.epss = "Electronic Performance Support System. A learning system that is attached directly to the system about which it provides information. For example, a computer system's help system might provide context sensitive links to short multimedia training sessions. Typically small chunks of eLearning guide workers through completing a task in the target application. They can use the EPSS as a job aid, for just-in-time learning." glosterm.ethnography = "ethnography" glosdef.ethnography = "Scientific description of human societies." glosterm.evaluation = "evaluation" glosdef.evaluation = "Judges the worth of a course or learning experience." glosterm.experiential_learning = "experiential learning" glosdef.experiential_learning = "Learning by personal experience and reflection upon it. " //FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF termstodisplayf = new Array ("formative_assessment") glosterm.formative_assessment = "formative assessment" glosdef.formative_assessment = "An assessment that helps guide or develop a learner's progress during the course. Compare: summative assessment." //GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG termstodisplayg = new Array ("gagnes_9_events", "globalisation") glosterm.gagnes_9_events = "Gagne's 9 events" glosdef.gagnes_9_events = "1. Get Attention; 2. State Objective; 3. stimulate recall; 4. Present content; 5. Provide Guidance; 6. elicit performance; 7. provide feedback; 8. Assess performance; 9 Retention and transfer." glosterm.globalisation = "globalisation" glosdef.globalisation = "Developments that allow international influence or action." //HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH termstodisplayh = new Array ("hermeneutics", "hermeneutical_circle", "holistic", "humanism", "humanistic_education", "humanities") glosterm.hermeneutics = "hermeneutics" glosdef.hermeneutics = "Branch of knowledge that deals with interpretation." glosterm.hermeneutical_circle = "hermeneutical circle" glosdef.hermeneutical_circle = "Learners bring their existing knowledge to the text, which affects their interpretation of it, sparks off questions etc. Their new learning changes their existing knowledge, which in turn affects any re-reading of the text." glosterm.heuristic = "heuristic" glosdef.heuristic = "Using or obtained from past experience and reasoning. Also, a teaching method that allows learners to discover things for themselves." glosterm.holistic = "holistic" glosdef.holistic = "In philosophy, an understanding that the parts of something are intimately related and can only be understood by reference to the whole." glosterm.humanism = "humanism" glosdef.humanism = "System of thought that takes human experience as the starting point for knowledge of humankind, of God and nature." glosterm.humanistic_education = "humanistic/liberal education" glosdef.humanistic_education = "An educational orientation that describes education as the transmission and acquisition of knowledge and understanding of human experience." glosterm.humanities = "humanities" glosdef.humanities = "Cultural studies; literary, religious and classical studies; study of philosophy and history; and the histories of art and music." //IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII termstodisplayi = new Array ("ict", "ilt", "imsld", "independence", "instantiating", "instructivism", "interaction", "instrumental_learning", "instrumentalism") glosterm.ict = "ICT" glosdef.ict = "Information and Communications Technology." glosterm.ilt = "ILT" glosdef.ilt = "Instructor Led Training." glosterm.imsld = "IMS Learning Design (IMS LD)" glosdef.imsld = "A specification used to describe teaching strategies and educational goals. IMS LD compatible tools are able to play units of learning such as discussions, readings etc. The specification works on the basis that people act in different roles, which perform or support activities, which are conducted within an environment. It is represented in XML, which makes it machine readable. " glosterm.independence = "independence" glosdef.independence = "Independence may be defined as the ability of the student to: " glosterm.instantiating = "instantiating" glosdef.instantiating = "Represent by examples or instances." glosterm.instructivism = "instructivism" glosdef.instructivism = "A theory of education that treats the learner as 'an empty vessel' to be filled by the learning. Objectives are based on the learning content, which is then split into a hierarchy. The learner works through the content in a pre-determined order. Compare: constructivism." glosterm.interaction = "interaction" glosdef.interaction = "Any two-way communication between the learner and another entity. i.e. any activity other than passively reading, viewing or listening. In Computer Based Training (CBT), this means on-screen interaction. In e-Learning, it can be extended to interactions with other people via the learner support environment." glosterm.instrumental_learning = "instrumental learning" glosdef.instrumental_learning = "Learning how to do tasks such as mastering a computer program - the correct methods and ends are not in dispute." glosterm.instrumentalism = "instrumentalism" glosdef.instrumentalism = "Philosophical approach that sees an activity such as education as a tool used to achieve an end rather than as an end in its own right." //JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ termstodisplayj = new Array ("jejit", "jisc", "jit") glosterm.jejit = "JEJIT" glosdef.jejit = "Just Enough Just In Time" glosterm.jisc = "JISC" glosdef.jisc = "Joint Information Systems Committee. JISC is an independent advisory body that works with further and higher education by providing strategic guidance, advice and opportunities use to use ICT to support learning, teaching, research and administration." glosterm.jit = "JIT" glosdef.jit = "Just In Time" //KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK termstodisplayk = new Array ("kirkpatrick_evaluation_levels") glosterm.kirkpatrick_evaluation_levels = "Kirkpatrick Evaluation Levels" glosdef.kirkpatrick_evaluation_levels = "Evaluation model comprising 4 levels: 1 Reactions, 2 Learning, 3 Transfer, 4 Results" //LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL termstodisplayl = new Array ("lcms", "learning_effectiveness", "learning_milieu", "learning_object", "learning_productivity", "learning_style", "lms") glosterm.lcms = "LCMS" glosdef.lcms = "Learning Content Management System - Application(s) that manages the creation, storage, use, and reuse of learning content. The content may be in the form of learning objects. An LCMS may also have LMS functions allowing the management of learners, curricula and assessments." glosterm.learning_effectiveness = "learning effectiveness" glosdef.learning_effectiveness = "The course’s effectiveness in helping the learner to attain the course objectives." glosterm.learning_milieu = "learning milieu" glosdef.learning_milieu = "The culture or 'tone' of the learning establishment or materials. The learner's approach is likely to be inflenced by this. For example if the mileau is very results orientated then the learner is more likely to focus on passing exams or assessments to the possible detriment of other aspects of the learning experience. " glosterm.learning_object = "learning object" glosdef.learning_object = "A reusable, media-independent collection of information used as a modular building block for e-learning content." glosterm.learning_productivity = "learning productivity" glosdef.learning_productivity = "Effectiveness of the effort put into learning by the institutions. Can be increased by having learners take more responsibility for their own learning." glosterm.learning_style = "learning style" glosdef.learning_style = "An individual's own aptitudes and preferences for different types of learning. For example some people like to learn by reading while others prefer to listen or watch a video. Some prefer to learn by doing and others prefer to observe and reflect." glosterm.lms = "LMS" glosdef.lms = "Learning Management System. A program that manages the administration of training by registering and tracking users; providing access to courses and allowing them to be arranged in curricula; providing access to assessments and recording the results; providing reports to management." //MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM termstodisplaym = new Array ("media", "mle", "mode", "moodle", "multimedia", "multiple_media") glosterm.media = "media" glosdef.media = "material used to represent reality. e.g. a video tape or web page." glosterm.mle = "mle" glosdef.mle = "Managed Learning Environment - range of different software systems (VLE, HR etc.) that are linked to contribute to management of learning." glosterm.mode = "mode" glosdef.mode = "A method of education. E.g. dual mode or single mode." glosterm.moodle = "Moodle" glosdef.moodle = "An open source course management system designed to support social constructivist teaching through collaborative activities such as discussion groups, wikis etc. See constructivism." glosterm.multimedia = "multimedia" glosdef.multimedia = "A self-contained package incorporating a mix of various media, with all the components, media, and interactive events designed in. It can link to external resources." glosterm.multiple_media = "multiple media" glosdef.multiple_media = "Different media presented separately - e.g. a book, a video tape and an audio tape." //NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN termstodisplayn = new Array ("nvq") glosterm.nvq = "NVQ" glosdef.nvq = "National Vocational Qualification. NVQs assess candidates against competencies agreed by employers or others in the relevant industry or profession." //OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO termstodisplayo = new Array ("objective", "occam", "odl", "ojt", "open_education", "operationalise", "orientation", "orientation_to_education") glosterm.objective = "objective" glosdef.objective = "A learning or training objective is a description of performance or behaviours to be achieved by the end of the course. Objectives are pre-set and include a statement of how attainment is to be demonstrated. Compare: competence." glosterm.occam = "Occam, William of" glosdef.occam = "Philosopher, died ?349. The notion of Occam's razor describes the principle that that in explaining something, no more assumptions should be made than necessary." glosterm.odl = "ODL" glosdef.odl = "Open and Distance Learning." glosterm.ojt = "OJT" glosdef.ojt = "On the Job Training" glosterm.open_education = "open education" glosdef.open_education = "Open education has a wide range of meanings related to removing restrictions from the learner. At the extreme it can be taken to mean allowing the learner choose everything, even the curriculum. A more common definition is allowing the learner to work through a course at their own pace, at a time and place of their choice. " glosterm.operationalise = "operationalise" glosdef.operationalise = "Establish rules for linking concept to observations that can be measured in some way. " glosterm.orientation = "orientation" glosdef.orientation = "The three orientations towards education are:" glosterm.orientation_to_education = "orientation to education" glosdef.orientation_to_education = "The learners' reason for doing education. Also called 'holistic' motivation." //PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP termstodisplayp = new Array ("paradigm", "pavlovs_dogs", "pedagogy", "phenomenography", "popper", "positivism", "post_fordism", "postmodernism", "programmed_teaching", "propositional", "proximal_education") glosterm.paradigm = "paradigm" glosdef.paradigm = "Pattern or model. For example, a 'classic' piece of scientific work that other scientists try to emulate. Also the thought processes that might build up around such a piece of work." glosterm.pavlovs_dogs = "Pavlov's dogs" glosdef.pavlovs_dogs = "Classic experiment in which dogs were trained to associate the sound of a bell with the offer of food. Eventually they salivated in response to a bell being rung. This is a 'conditioned reflex'." glosterm.pedagogy = "pedagogy" glosdef.pedagogy = "The principles, practice or profession of teaching. Compare: andragogy." glosterm.phenomenography = "phenomenography" glosdef.phenomenography = "Study of experience. Experience is defined as the relationship between object (e.g. text) and subject (learner)." glosterm.popper = "Popper, Karl" glosdef.popper = "Philosopher of science who argued that a theory could never be prooved true as an exception could be discovered at any time. However, a generalisation could still be useful if the exceptions could be defined. This is called falsification." glosterm.positivism = "positivism" glosdef.positivism = "Philisophical system that works on the principle that everything can be scientifically, logically or mathematically proved." glosterm.post_fordism = "post-Fordism" glosdef.post_fordism = "The theory that production (e.g. of distance education materials) should allow more flexibility rather than the uniformity imposed by large industrial processes such as those developed by Henry Ford." glosterm.postmodernism = "postmodernism" glosdef.postmodernism = "A concept that is centred on a distrust of grand theories and ideologies. Influential critics include Jean Baudrillard and Jean-François Lyotard." glosterm.programmed_teaching = "programmed teaching" glosdef.programmed_teaching = "A method of teaching in which: " glosterm.propositional = "propositional" glosdef.propositional = "In logic, a statement that can be true or false." glosterm.proximal_education = "proximal education" glosdef.proximal_education = "face-to-face education." //QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ termstodisplayq = new Array ("qnull") glosterm.qnull = "" glosdef.qnull = "no glossary terms for 'q'" //RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR termstodisplayr = new Array ("rationalism", "reflection_for_action", "reflection_in_action", "reflection_on_action", "relational", "roi", "rorty_richard") glosterm.rationalism = "rationalism" glosdef.rationalism = "In philosophy, the belief that everything can be explained by reason rather than faith, prejudice, habit." glosterm.reductionism = "reductionism" glosdef.reductionism = "Describing a complex social phenomenon in terms of simpler phenomena. " glosterm.reflection_for_action = "reflection-for-action" glosdef.reflection_for_action = "Planning for the future." glosterm.reflection_in_action = "reflection-in-action" glosdef.reflection_in_action = "The rapid, almost unconscious, decisions taken in response to events." glosterm.reflection_on_action = "reflection-on-action" glosdef.reflection_on_action = "Thinking back over decisions and analysing the reasoning behind them." glosterm.relational = "relational" glosdef.relational = "Concerning the way two or more things are connected." glosterm.roi = "ROI" glosdef.roi = "Return on Investment." glosterm.rorty_richard = "Rorty, Richard" glosdef.rorty_richard = "American pragmatist philosopher. Ideas about education included:" //SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS termstodisplays = new Array ("saljo", "schon", "scorm", "self_actualisation", "self_reflective_learning", "single_mode", "situated_learning", "skills_learning_hierarchy", "summative_assessment", "surface_approach", "symmetric_interaction", "synchronous", "systems_approach", "systems_view") glosterm.saljo = "Säljö , Roger" glosdef.saljo = "Säljö described students' conceptions of learning as different levels:
  1. increase of knowledge
  2. memorising
  3. acquisition of facts etc. for use
  4. abstraction of meaning
  5. interpretative process.
" glosterm.self_actualisation = "self-actualisation" glosdef.self_actualisation = "The fulfilment of the individual's potential and talents." glosterm.scorm = "SCORM" glosdef.scorm = "Shareable Content Object Reference Model. " glosterm.schon = "Schön" glosdef.schon = "Schön proposed the terms reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action to describe a way of dealing with problems that need a creative solution. " glosterm.self_reflective_learning = "self-reflective learning" glosdef.self_reflective_learning = "Encourages learners to critically reflect on their own assumptions and views." glosterm.single_mode = "single mode" glosdef.single_mode = "Describes instituations institutions that offer either distance or face-to-face education but not both. Compare: dual mode" glosterm.situated_learning = "situated learning" glosdef.situated_learning = "Learning that is a function of the activity, context and culture in which it occurs. Learning requires social interaction and collaboration." glosterm.skills_learning_hierarchy = "skills learning hierarchy" glosdef.skills_learning_hierarchy = "The skills learning hierarchy relates learners' needs as they progress through the learning to the sophistication of the e-Learning methods used. The different levels are:
  1. Information Attainment
  2. Knowledge Generation
  3. Knowledge Application
  4. Synthesis.
See also Säljö , Roger." glosterm.strategic_approach = "strategic approach" glosdef.strategic_approach = "An approach to learning in which the learner focuses on getting the highest grades in assessments and organises their work around this." glosterm.summative_assessment = "summative assessment" glosdef.summative_assessment = "An assessment that evaluates a learner's progress at the end of a course. Compare: formative assessment" glosterm.surface_approach = "surface approach" glosdef.surface_approach = "An approach to learning in which the student focuses on the 'surface' of the learning material, memorises information, and deals with each idea individually rather than relating them to their previous learning or experience. Compare: Deep Approach" glosterm.symmetric_interaction = "symmetric interaction" glosdef.symmetric_interaction = "An interaction in which everyone is equal. " glosterm.synchronous = "synchronous" glosdef.synchronous = "A computer communication in which the communicants are on-line at the same time. For example, real-time chat rooms." glosterm.systems_approach = "systems approach" glosdef.systems_approach = "Approach to training design comprising:
 
Validation feeds back into analysis." glosterm.systems_view = "systems view" glosdef.systems_view = "Analysis of an organisation based on the examination of every element, function and activity." //TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT termstodisplayt = new Array ("target_audience", "target_group", "tbt", "technical_rationality", "tna", "type") glosterm.target_audience = "target audience" glosdef.target_audience = "All the people who might use the learning material." glosterm.target_group = "target group" glosdef.target_group = "The people that the learning material is aimed at. A subset of the target audience." glosterm.tbt = "TBT" glosdef.tbt = "Technology Based Training describes all sorts of training that use technology from Computer Based Training (CBT) to flight simulators." glosterm.text = "text" glosdef.text = "Any continuos piece of spoken or written language that is meaningful." glosterm.technical_rationality = "technical rationality" glosdef.technical_rationality = "

Model for understanding change in relation to existing:

" glosterm.tna = "TNA" glosdef.tna = "Training Needs Analysis. " glosterm.type = "type of education" glosdef.type = "Types of education include humanities, sciences and social sciences. " glosterm.typology = "typology" glosdef.typology = "Classification by type." //UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU termstodisplayu = new Array ("unull") glosterm.unull = "" glosdef.unull = "no glossary terms for 'u'" //VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV termstodisplayv = new Array ("virtual_classroom", "vle", "vlrc", "vocational_education") glosterm.virtual_classroom = "virtual classroom" glosdef.virtual_classroom = "See VLE." glosterm.vle = "VLE" glosdef.vle = "Virtual Learning environment, software which enables learners and tutors participate in online interactions of various kinds, including online learning." glosterm.vlrc = "VLRC" glosdef.vlrc = "Virtual Learning Resource Centre." glosterm.vocational_education = "vocational/technical education" glosdef.vocational_education = "An educational orientation that describes education as the transmission and acquisition of knowledge and understanding, defined within the empirical tradition, and competenceies related to the requirements of prospective employment." //WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW termstodisplayw = new Array ("wbt") glosterm.wbt = "WBT" glosdef.wbt = "Web-Based Training. Self-paced training delivered via a browser. Can be delivered over the internet or the customer's own intranet." //XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX termstodisplayx = new Array ("xnull") glosterm.xnull = "" glosdef.xnull = "no glossary terms for 'x'" //YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY termstodisplayy = new Array ("ynull") glosterm.ynull = "" glosdef.ynull = "no glossary terms for 'y'" //ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ termstodisplayz = new Array ("znull") glosterm.znull = "" glosdef.znull = "no glossary terms for 'z'"